Several medical organizations already advise that patients receive aspirin soon after bypass surgery because it helps the new blood vessels. However, many doctors have advised against aspirin both before and after operations. They fear it may cause severe bleeding. Doctor Mangano's team did not report that bleeding was a problem.

　　However, the doctors said people who have stomach or intestinal bleeding or other bad reactions from aspirin should NOT receive it after bypass surgery.

　　Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　11. What is the finding of the new study of aspirin?

　　A) It has been proven to be the best pain-killer.

　　B) It is a possible cure for heart disease.

　　C) It can help lower high body temperature effectively.

　　{D) It reduces the chance of death for heart surgery patients.}

　　12. In what way can aspirin help heart surgery patients according to the doctors?

　　{A} It keeps blood vessels from being blocked.]

　　B) It speeds up their recovery after surgery.

　　C) It increases the blood flow to the heart.

　　D) It adjusts their blood pressure.

　　13. What warning did the doctors give about the use of aspirin?

　　{A) It is harmful to heart surgery patients with stomach bleeding.}

　　B) It should not be taken by heart surgery patients before the operation.

　　C) It will have considerable side effects if taken in large doses.

　　D) It should not be given to patients immediately after the operation.

　　Passage Two

　　Were you the first or last child in your family? Or were you a middle or an only child? Some people think it matters where you were born in your family. But there are different ideas about what birth order means. Some people say that oldest children are smart and strong-willed. They are very likely to be successful. The reason for this is simple: parents have a lot of time for their first child, they give him or her a lot of attention. So this child is very likely to do well. An only child will succeed for the same reason. What happens to the other children in a family? Middle children don’t get so much attention, so they don’t feel that important. If a family has many children, the middle ones sometimes get lost in the crowd. The youngest child, though, often gets special treatment. He or shi is the baby. Often this child grows up to be funny and charming. Do you believe these ideas about birth order too? A recent study saw things quite differently. The study found that first children believe in family rules. They didn’t take many chances in their lives. They usually followed orders. Rules didn’t mean as much to later children in a family. They went out and followed their own ideas. They took chances and they often did better in life.

　　Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　Q14. According to common belief, in what way are the first child and the only child alike?

　　A) They strongly believe in family rules.